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Writing
The best campus resource to help with your writing is the University Writing Center. They have experts who can review your work and help you improve! They offer in-person and virtual meetings.
- Writing CenterSchedule a free appointment with a writing specialist.
Managing Citations and References
We recommend using a citation management tool. Citation management tools help organize and manage your references. Most citations managers include a plug-in for Microsoft Word, which makes it easy to cite and format your references.
EndNote Basic
- EndNote Basic This link opens in a new windowEndNote Basic is a service designed to help students and researchers through the process of writing a research paper. EndNote Basic helps organize and format references, create footnotes or a bibliography, and collect other information related to a user's research. EndNote Basic requires users to register - since its purpose is to organize personalized research information, each user must sign into a personal account before using the service.
- Library Guide on Using EndNote BasicThis library guide contains information and tutorials about using EndNote Basic (web-browser version).
EndNote Desktop:
- EndNote DesktopPurchase the desktop program through the Office of Software Licensing at software.utah.edu for academic discount.
- Library Guide on Using EndNote DesktopThis library guide contains information and tutorials about using EndNote Desktop.
Although the University of Utah Software Licensing Office supports EndNote, there are other citation management tools available, such as Mendeley, Papers, and Zotero.
APA Style Resources
From Purdue Online Writing Lab:
APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences.
In APA, your citations will be in text in parentheses, and your bibliography will be at the end on a page called References.
- Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. With millions of copies sold worldwide in multiple languages, it is the style manual of choice for writers, researchers, editors, students, and educators in the social and behavioral sciences, natural sciences, nursing, communications, education, business, engineering, and other fields. Known for its authoritative, easy-to-use reference and citation system, the Publication Manual also offers guidance on choosing the headings, tables, figures, language, and tone that will result in powerful, concise, and elegant scholarly communication. It guides users through the scholarly writing process--from the ethics of authorship to reporting research through publication. The seventh edition is an indispensable resource for students and professionals to achieve excellence in writing and make an impact with their work. The seventh edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect best practices in scholarly writing and publishing. All formats are in full color, with a new tabbed spiral version Improved ease of navigation, with many additional numbered sections to help users quickly locate answers to their questions Resources for students on writing and formatting annotated bibliographies, response papers, and other paper types as well as guidelines on citing course materials Dedicated chapter for new users of APA Style covering paper elements and format, including sample papers for both professional authors and student writers New chapter on journal article reporting standards that includes updates to reporting standards for quantitative research and the first-ever qualitative and mixed methods reporting standards in APA Style New chapter on bias-free language guidelines for writing about people with respect and inclusivity in areas including age, disability, gender, participation in research, race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality More than 100 new reference examples covering periodicals, books, audiovisual media, social media, webpages and websites, and legal resources More than 40 new sample tables and figures Expanded guidance on ethical writing and publishing practices, including how to ensure the appropriate level of citation, avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, and navigate the publication process Guidelines that support accessibility for all users, including simplified reference, in-text citation, and heading formats as well as additional font optionsCall Number: BF76.7 .P83 2020ISBN: 9781433832161Publication Date: 2020
- Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association byISBN: 1433805618Publication Date: 2010Find a hard copy of the APA Publication Manual 6th Edition in the library! Not only does this include how to cite sources, but it is also a guide for writing in the APA style. Note that there are several copies across campus.
- APA Formatting and Style GuideFrom the Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL).
- APA Guidelines from The Little Seagull HandbookAmerican Psychological Association (APA) style calls for (1) brief documentation in parentheses near each in-text citation and (2) complete documentation in a list of references at the end of your text.
- APA Reference Styleby Prof. Mike Strahan from Northern Michigan University
- APA Style WebsiteResources created by APA for using the APA style. Includes the APA Style Blog with interesting posts such as how to cite Instagram.
AMA Style Resources
Everything you need to produce well-organized and clear manuscripts. The AMA Manual of Style is a must-have guide for anyone involved in medical and scientific publishing.
- AMA Formatting and Style GuideFrom the AMA website.
What is Plagiarism?
When you use other's ideas and words without giving them credit, you are plagiarising their work. The University of Utah Regulations Library defines plagiarism, along with cheating, as academic misconduct:
"II. B. “Academic misconduct” includes, but is not limited to, cheating, misrepresenting one's work, inappropriately collaborating, plagiarism, and fabrication or falsification of information, as defined further below. It also includes facilitating Academic Misconduct by intentionally helping or attempting to help another to commit an act of Academic Misconduct."
II. B. 3. "Plagiarism" means the intentional unacknowledged use or incorporation of any other person's work in, or as a basis for, one's own work offered for academic consideration or credit or for public presentation. Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to, representing as one's own, without attribution, any other individual's words, phrasing, ideas, sequence of ideas, information or any other mode or content of expression."
How to Avoid Plagiarism
How can you avoid plagiarism? Below are some tips
READ THE SOURCE IN ITS ENTIRETY
- It's easy to take something out of context if you only read a portion of it! If you read the entire source, you should have a better feel of the author's meaning.
TAKE DETAILED NOTES AS YOU READ
- Anytime you note something word-for-word, immediately place it in quotation marks. Also note what page or section you found it on.
- On each page, make sure you note the original source and the date you accessed the source. This will make citation much easier, especially if you are working with multiple sources or doing research over a long stretch of time.
- Try not to mix your own thoughts and commentary with excerpts from your source. Keep them on separate pages, draw two columns on your page, or switch your pen color.
- If you find it difficult to take notes with electronic sources - or if you find yourself drawn to the copy-paste method - print out your sources and deal with them in print form.
RETURN TO YOUR NOTES LATER
- In order to do this, you must not procrastinate on your projects. If you don't have sufficient time, you won't do your best work, and it may lead you to make poor decisions when including your sources. Remember, if you get caught plagiarizing, the situation or your intentions won't be an excuse. Build in time to synthesize and properly work in your sources.
- Identify which sources are best for inclusion. Understand when you have to cite. Then decide whether you should directly quote, summarize, or paraphrase. If you are directly quoting, double-check your notes against the source for accuracy. If you are summarizing or paraphrasing:
- Make sure the source is fresh in your mind, but not right in front of you. If you see the original text, you are more likely to want to use their terms and sentence structure.
- Check your writing against the original. Remember, you should have changed the sentence structure and the language but the meaning of the source should still be the same. Any language that is unique to the source should be placed in quotation marks or removed. You may find it necessary to do several edits.
CONSULT WITH THE EXPERTS
If you need a second opinion, ask! Ask a librarian, a classmate, the Writing Center, or your professor.
Thank you to Butler University for use of their Plagiarism guide.
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University Writing Center
The University Writing Center is here to help you become a more confident writer by providing individual consultations with peer tutors. We work on papers from all disciplines - not just writing classes. Best of all, the Writing Center is a FREE service to students and faculty of the University of Utah.
The University Writing Center is located on the 2nd floor of the Marriott Library in room 2701.
Make an appointment
Graduate Student Reading Room
The Graduate Student Reading Room is a quiet study space available to any registered graduate student at the University of Utah.
- Registered graduate students will be automatically added to the door clearance at the start of each semester. If your access is not working, please ask for assistance at either entrance.
- Access to the Graduate Reading Room will be for the academic school year.
Need help? Contact us
Phone: 801-581-6273
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