CLEAR Program
Subject Guide
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Overview
Additional tools and resources for doing a literature review can be found on this Canvas Open Webpage
Thank you to UC Santa Cruz for this great overview of a literature review (https://guides.library.ucsc.edu/write-a-literature-review)
1. Introduction
Not to be confused with a book review, a literature review surveys scholarly articles, books and other sources (e.g. dissertations, conference proceedings) relevant to a particular issue, area of research, or theory, providing a description, summary, and critical evaluation of each work. The purpose is to offer an overview of significant literature published on a topic.
2. Components
Similar to primary research, development of the literature review requires four stages:
- Problem formulation—which topic or field is being examined and what are its component issues?
- Literature search—finding materials relevant to the subject being explored
- Data evaluation—determining which literature makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the topic
- Analysis and interpretation—discussing the findings and conclusions of pertinent literature
Literature reviews should comprise the following elements:
- An overview of the subject, issue or theory under consideration, along with the objectives of the literature review
- Division of works under review into categories (e.g. those in support of a particular position, those against, and those offering alternative theses entirely)
- Explanation of how each work is similar to and how it varies from the others
- Conclusions as to which pieces are best considered in their argument, are most convincing of their opinions, and make the greatest contribution to the understanding and development of their area of research
In assessing each piece, consideration should be given to:
- Provenance—What are the author's credentials? Are the author's arguments supported by evidence (e.g. primary historical material, case studies, narratives, statistics, recent scientific findings)?
- Objectivity—Is the author's perspective even-handed or prejudicial? Is contrary data considered or is certain pertinent information ignored to prove the author's point?
- Persuasiveness—Which of the author's theses are most/least convincing?
- Value—Are the author's arguments and conclusions convincing? Does the work ultimately contribute in any significant way to an understanding of the subject?
3. Definition and Use/Purpose
A literature review may constitute an essential chapter of a thesis or dissertation, or may be a self-contained review of writings on a subject. In either case, its purpose is to:
- Place each work in the context of its contribution to the understanding of the subject under review
- Describe the relationship of each work to the others under consideration
- Identify new ways to interpret, and shed light on any gaps in, previous research
- Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory previous studies
- Identify areas of prior scholarship to prevent duplication of effort
- Point the way forward for further research
- Place one's original work (in the case of theses or dissertations) in the context of existing literature
The literature review itself, however, does not present new primary scholarship.
Find published, peer-reviewed literature reviews in your field by searching the Academic Search Ultimate, EbscoHost, JStor, or Scopus Databases. Google Scholar will also provide a broad range of scholarly material that will help with beginning your literature review.
Search "Literature Review" (title) and "Your area of interest."
Books from the Catalog
Here are a select list of books about conducting literature reviews.
- How to do a systematic literature review in nursing : a step-by-step guide byCall Number: RT81.5 .B47 2016ISBN: 9780335263806
- The Literature Review byCall Number: LB1047.3 .M33 2016 (Previous editions available)ISBN: 9781506336244
- The Literature Review byCall Number: LB2369 .R525 2012ISBN: 9781446201428Publication Date: 2012-07-31
- Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis: A Step-By-Step Approach. byCall Number: H62 .C5859 2010ISBN: 9781412937054
- Succeeding with your literature review : a handbook for students byCall Number: Online eBook
- Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review byCall Number: LB1047.3 .B66 2022 (Previous editions available)ISBN: 9781529711844Publication Date: 2022
- Telling a Research Story: Writing a Literature Review byCall Number: PE1478 .F34 2009ISBN: 9780472033362Publication Date: 2009